Welcome to our special corner featuring articles that have undergone a significant update. In this fast-paced world of technology and business management, information quickly becomes obsolete. We believe in delivering not just current but also accurate and in-depth content.
Here, you will find updated articles that have been carefully revisited, revised, and enriched by our expert team to make them even more informative, accurate, and relevant for you. Browse through these gems, and you’ll find new insights added to what you may already know.
The articles are sorted from the most recently updated to the oldest. Dive in, refresh your knowledge, and keep up with the latest information without having to sift through new articles.
Updated Articles

Virtual LAN (VLAN)
Updated on: August 16, 2021
Virtual LAN, or VLAN, is a networking technology that allows networks to be segmented logically without having to be physically rewired.

X.400
Updated on: August 16, 2021
X.400 is a set of standards defined in 1984 and 1988 by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for computer-based handling of e-mail.

NetBEUI
Updated on: August 16, 2021
NetBEUI stands for NetBIOS Extended User Interface, is a networking protocol developed by IBM and Microsoft in 1985 that is used for workgroup-size local area networks (LANs) with up to 200 stations.

Banyan VINES
Updated on: August 16, 2021
VINES stands for Banyan Virtual Integrated Network Service, it was a network operating system (NOS) for building enterprise-level networks.

T.120 Standard
Updated on: August 16, 2021
T.120 Standard is an umbrella standard representing a suite of eight International Telecommunication Union (ITU) standards that define how real-time multipoint communication for tasks such as data conferencing and interactive game playing takes place over a network.

Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD)
Updated on: August 16, 2021
CDPD stands for Cellular Digital Packet Data, is a specification for overlaying digital data transmissions on the existing circuit-switched analog cellular phone service.

Data-Link Layer
Updated on: August 16, 2021
Data-link Layer is the second layer of the OSI model, which converts frames of data into raw bits for the physical layer and is responsible for framing, flow control, error correction, and retransmission of frames.

IPX/SPX – Compatible Protocol
Updated on: August 16, 2021
IPX/SPX stands for Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange is a set of network protocols that provide packet switching and sequencing for small and large networks, used initially on networks using the Novell NetWare operating systems.

Presentation Layer
Updated on: August 16, 2021
Presentation Layer is the Layer 6 of the seven-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model.